EV Chargers Types: Difference Between Level 1, 2 and 3 EV Chargers

With the growth of electric vehicles in Canada comes a growing concern for the automotive industry, and more importantly, the consumers who are purchasing these electric vehicles (EVs). How do they recharge their EVs when the batteries run down?

Vehicle owners are already familiar with the process of filling up their gas tank as the needle approaches empty. You pull into the closest gas station and start fueling.There are almost always gas stations around when you need them. But what about EVs? You can’t pull into a gas station and fill up with electricity (in most places), and you’d have to tow your electric car to the nearest EV charging station if you run out of electricity on the road. So what’s the solution and what EV charger types should you be looking into for your installation?

The Future Of EV Infrastructure

Various entities, including governments, municipalities, automotive manufacturers, and property developers, are investing in EV charging infrastructure to support current and future market needs. In fact, Canada announced the Electric Vehicle Availability Standard Program with plans to be 100% emission-free by 2035. This new policy will increase the supply and reduce the cost of ZEVs, so that gas and electric powered cars will be comparable in price, according to most industry projections.

EV Charger Types

EV charger types vary significantly, each catering to different needs and charging speeds. The easiest way to choose the best EV charger for your needs is by understanding the difference between Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3 chargers.

Level 1: Single-family Home Residences

Level 1 EV chargers are the most basic charging stations for electric vehicles, typically utilizing a standard household outlet with 120 volts. While these chargers can be convenient for limited situations, they are considered outdated in comparison to higher-level chargers. Their slow charging speed makes them less practical for users with higher energy demands or those looking for a faster charge.

How to Charge Your EV Faster

Level 2: Multi-unit Residences, Commercial, And Industrial Charging

Level 2 EV chargers offer a faster and more efficient charging solution, making them well-suited for various locations. These chargers operate on a 240-volt power supply, providing a quicker charging rate commonly found in multi-unit residential buildings, public charging, workplace parking lots, and commercial areas. Level 2 chargers are ideally for locations where EV users require a faster charge during shorter periods of parking.

Installing EV Chargers in Multi-Unit Residential Buildings

Level 3/dc Charging: Commercial And Industrial Charging

Level 3 EV chargers, also known as DC fast chargers, are designed for rapid charging and are best suited for locations where quick and efficient charging is essential. These chargers operate on a higher voltage (typically 480 volts or higher) and can provide a significant amount of power. Level 3 chargers are commonly found along highways, major travel routes, and in urban areas, catering to long-distance travelers and individuals in need of a speedy recharge. Due to their ability to deliver a substantial amount of energy in a short time, Level 3 chargers are ideal for locations where quick turnarounds are crucial, such as commercial fleets, rest areas, or service stations.

EV Charging Solutions for Commercial Buildings and Businesses

Difference Between AC and DC Charging

The difference between AC (alternating current) and DC (direct current) electric vehicle charging lies in the type of electric current used to transfer energy to the vehicle's battery. AC charging is more commonly associated with Level 1 and Level 2 chargers, utilizing the standard household 120-volt or 240-volt electrical systems. AC charging is generally slower but is suitable for overnight charging at home or during longer parking periods. On the other hand, DC charging, often associated with Level 3 or fast chargers, delivers a direct current to the vehicle's battery at a much higher voltage, enabling rapid charging.

Fast Charging Connectors

Fast charging connectors are an efficient option for EV charging, designed to significantly reduce the time it takes to recharge an electric vehicle’s battery. The fast charging process involves a specialized connector that interfaces with the EV's charging port, enabling a rapid charge. The connectors and charging stations need to adhere to industry standards, ensuring compatibility with various electric vehicle models and contributing to the widespread adoption of fast charging as a convenient and time-saving option for EV owners.

Understanding What EV Charger Is Best For You

Choosing the best EV charger type for your installation involves considering factors such as charging speed, convenience, and intended usage. Additionally, understanding the distinction between AC and DC charging, as well as the features of fast charging connectors, helps users make informed decisions based on their specific needs. If you need help choosing the best EV charger for your project, you can speak with an experienced EV charger installer who can guide you in the right direction.

Best EV Charging Solutions for Your Condo

Get A Quote Today!

MetroEV can help you understand, plan and install EV charging stations for apartment buildings, condos, businesses and more. Get in touch and our representatives can help build a solution that aligns with your unique EV charging goals all while ensuring a smooth transition. Contact MetroEV to get an EV charging quote.

Shai Sinai

AUTHOR
Shai Sinai

Shai is the VP of sales at metroEV specializing in EVCS installations. He has been involved in all aspects of the EVCS process from assessing a buildings infrastructure requirements through all facets of the installation. He has a wealth of knowledge and experience in the EV field.